Understanding the Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes (EDS)

The Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) are a group of inherited connective tissue disorders. Connective tissue supports structures throughout the body, including skin, joints, blood vessels, and organs. Different EDS types have different features and diagnostic criteria.

What can EDS involve?

Features can include joint hypermobility, joint instability, skin that stretches or bruises easily, tissue fragility, pain, and fatigue. The pattern and severity vary by type and person. Not everyone has every feature, and joint flexibility alone does not establish an EDS diagnosis.

EDS and hypermobility are not interchangeable

Hypermobility describes joints that move through a greater range than usual. Some people are flexible without pain or other problems. Others experience symptomatic joint hypermobility or a hypermobility spectrum disorder (HSD). EDS is a distinct group of conditions with specific clinical criteria. A qualified clinician evaluates the full history and relevant features.

Types and diagnosis

The 2017 international classification describes 13 types of EDS. Hypermobile EDS (hEDS) is the most common. Its genetic cause has not yet been identified, so there is currently no genetic test that confirms hEDS. Many other types have known genetic causes and may be confirmed through genetic testing when clinically indicated. Standards can evolve; consult specialist sources for current criteria.

Living with EDS

People may need individualized support for pain, joint stability, fatigue, mobility, skin or tissue concerns, and other health issues. Some people also have co-occurring conditions. Care should be based on individual needs and developed with qualified clinicians familiar with the condition.

Trusted resources

• The Ehlers-Danlos Society: What is EDS?
• The Ehlers-Danlos Society: Diagnostic criteria
• MedlinePlus: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
• NIH Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center

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Educational notice: General education only, not medical advice or a diagnostic tool. Joint hypermobility and other symptoms can have multiple explanations. Discuss personal concerns with a qualified healthcare professional.

Last reviewed: November 8, 2026. Confirm current criteria with specialist organizations.

About this information

Research and educational disclaimer: Together We Fight Apparel is not a medical organization, clinic, or healthcare provider, and our team members are not medical professionals. We provide this material for general awareness and educational research only. We do not diagnose conditions, provide medical care, recommend individual treatment, or establish a professional patient relationship. Content may be incomplete or become outdated. Always check current information with the linked organizations and speak with a licensed, qualified healthcare professional about symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, or medical decisions. Do not delay or disregard professional advice because of something you read here. If you believe you are experiencing a medical emergency, call 911.